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diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S b/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S
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-/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
-/* Copyright (C) 2026 Richard Qin */
-
-/*
- * RISC-V kernel entry — Linux-aligned layout.
- *
- * Flow (mirrors arch/riscv/kernel/head.S in Linux):
- *
- * _start [.head.text, byte 0 of image]
- * · 64-byte Boot Protocol Image Header
- * · j real_start
- *
- * real_start [.text]
- * · save a0 (hartid) / a1 (dtb_pa)
- * · setup gp / per-hart sp
- * · BSP/AP election via amoswap
- * · BSP: clear BSS, call setup_vm, then relocate_enable_mmu
- * · AP: spin-wait, then relocate_enable_mmu
- *
- * relocate_enable_mmu [C function, arch/riscv/mm/init.cc]
- * · csrw satp <- trampoline_pg_dir
- * · jump to higher-half VA
- * · csrw satp <- early_pg_dir
- * · slide sp/ra/gp to higher-half
- * · call relocate_kernel (walks .rela.dyn, patches R_RISCV_RELATIVE)
- *
- * real_start (continued in higher-half)
- * · BSP only: call early_cpp_init (walks .init_array)
- * · call kernel_main(hartid, dtb_pa)
- *
- * Register contract from OpenSBI / U-Boot:
- * a0 = hart ID
- * a1 = FDT physical base
- */
-
-#include <lume/config.h>
-
-#define PAGE_OFFSET 0xFFFFFFC000000000
-#define BOOT_STACK_SIZE 8192
-
-/* ========================================================================
- * .head.text — RISC-V Boot Protocol Image Header
- *
- * Layout per Documentation/arch/riscv/boot-image-header.rst:
- * code0/code1 (8 B) : executable code, lands at PC after OpenSBI hand-off
- * text_offset (8 B) : load offset from RAM base
- * image_size (8 B) : effective image size (0 = unknown)
- * flags (8 B) : bit 0: endian
- * version (4 B) : major.minor
- * res1/res2 (4+8) : reserved
- * magic (8 B) : "RISCV\0\0\0"
- * magic2 (4 B) : "RSC\x05"
- * res3 (4 B) : PE/COFF reserved
- * ======================================================================== */
- .section .head.text, "ax"
- .globl _start
-_start:
- j real_start /* code0 */
- .word 0 /* code1 */
- .dword 0x200000 /* text_offset */
- .dword 0 /* image_size (post-link) */
- .dword 0 /* flags */
- .word 0x0002 /* version 0.2 */
- .word 0 /* res1 */
- .dword 0 /* res2 */
- .dword 0x5643534952 /* magic "RISCV\0\0\0" */
- .word 0x05435352 /* magic2 "RSC\x05" */
- .word 0 /* res3 */
-
-/* ========================================================================
- * real_start — all harts land here at physical PC
- * ======================================================================== */
- .text
- .globl real_start
-real_start:
- /* DEBUG: 'R<hartid>\n' — UART direct at 0x10000000, MMU off. */
- li t0, 0x10000000
- li t1, 'R'
- sb t1, 0(t0)
- addi t1, a0, '0'
- sb t1, 0(t0)
- li t1, '\n'
- sb t1, 0(t0)
-
- /* Mask interrupts and supervisor pending bits. */
- csrw sie, zero
- csrw sip, zero
-
- /* gp for medany — relax must be disabled across the `la`. */
- .option push
- .option norelax
- la gp, __global_pointer$
- .option pop
-
- /* per-hart boot stack: sp = boot_stack + (hartid + 1) * STACK_SIZE */
- la t0, boot_stack
- li t1, BOOT_STACK_SIZE
- addi t2, a0, 1
- mul t1, t1, t2
- add sp, t0, t1
-
- /* Save hartid / dtb_pa in callee-saved regs preserved across calls. */
- mv tp, a0 /* tp = hartid */
- mv s0, a1 /* s0 = dtb_pa */
-
- /* BSP/AP election: first hart to swap bsp_elected 0→1 is BSP. */
- la t0, bsp_elected
- li t1, 1
- amoswap.w.aq t2, t1, (t0)
- bnez t2, .Lap_wait /* prev != 0 → we're an AP */
-
- /* === BSP path === */
- la t0, bsp_hart_id
- sw a0, 0(t0)
-
- li t3, 0x10000000
- li t4, 'B'
- sb t4, 0(t3)
- li t4, '\n'
- sb t4, 0(t3)
-
- /* Clear BSS — must precede setup_vm, which writes kernel_map. */
- la t0, _sbss
- la t1, _ebss
-.Lbss_loop:
- bgeu t0, t1, .Lbss_done
- sd zero, 0(t0)
- addi t0, t0, 8
- j .Lbss_loop
-.Lbss_done:
-
- li t3, 0x10000000
- li t4, 'V'
- sb t4, 0(t3)
- li t4, '\n'
- sb t4, 0(t3)
-
- /* ---- BSP-only: pre-MMU PIC fixup of .rela.dyn ----
- *
- * The kernel is built with -fPIE -shared. All global-data accesses
- * compile to GOT-indirect loads (auipc + ld), where the linker
- * emits each .got slot's initial value as the link-time VA and a
- * companion R_RISCV_RELATIVE entry in .rela.dyn. At this point
- * we're running at the physical load address — those link-time VAs
- * are not yet mapped, so any global access would fault.
- *
- * Walk .rela.dyn in pure assembly (PC-relative only — no globals)
- * and patch every R_RISCV_RELATIVE slot to addend + (PA - LINK_VA).
- * After this, setup_vm can dereference kernel_map / early_pg_dir
- * / etc. via the GOT and get correct PA-side pointers.
- *
- * Mirrors Linux arch/riscv/kernel/head.S — same idea, same loop.
- *
- * reloc:
- * t0 = pa_offset = PA(_start) - KERNEL_LINK_ADDR (negative)
- * t1 = &__rela_dyn_start
- * t2 = &__rela_dyn_end
- * for each 24-byte rela in [t1, t2):
- * t3 = r_offset; t4 = r_info; t5 = r_addend
- * if (t4 & 0xFFFFFFFF) != R_RISCV_RELATIVE: skip
- * slot_pa = r_offset + pa_offset
- * *slot_pa = r_addend + pa_offset
- */
-#define R_RISCV_RELATIVE 3
-
- la t0, _start /* PA of _start */
- li t1, 0xFFFFFFC080200000 /* KERNEL_LINK_ADDR (asm/page.h) */
- sub t0, t0, t1 /* t0 = pa_offset (PA - LINK_VA) */
-
- la t1, __rela_dyn_start
- la t2, __rela_dyn_end
-.Lrela_loop:
- bgeu t1, t2, .Lrela_done
- ld t3, 0(t1) /* r_offset */
- ld t4, 8(t1) /* r_info */
- ld t5, 16(t1) /* r_addend */
- /* r_info low 32 bits = type */
- li t6, 0xFFFFFFFF
- and t4, t4, t6
- li t6, R_RISCV_RELATIVE
- bne t4, t6, .Lrela_next
- /* slot_pa = r_offset + pa_offset */
- add t3, t3, t0
- /* value = r_addend + pa_offset */
- add t5, t5, t0
- sd t5, 0(t3)
-.Lrela_next:
- addi t1, t1, 24 /* sizeof(Elf64_Rela) */
- j .Lrela_loop
-.Lrela_done:
-
- /* Memory fence so subsequent loads see the patched slots. */
- fence w, r
-
- li t3, 0x10000000
- li t4, 'P'
- sb t4, 0(t3)
- li t4, '\n'
- sb t4, 0(t3)
-
- /* Call setup_vm(load_pa = PA of _start, dtb_pa = s0).
- * Both args physical at this point — MMU still off. */
- la a0, _start
- mv a1, s0
- call setup_vm
-
- li t3, 0x10000000
- li t4, 'v'
- sb t4, 0(t3)
- li t4, '\n'
- sb t4, 0(t3)
-
- /* Release APs once page tables are built. */
- la t0, boot_sync_flag
- li t1, 1
- amoswap.w.rl zero, t1, (t0)
- j .Lenable_mmu
-
-/* ========================================================================
- * AP path — spin until BSP signals readiness.
- * ======================================================================== */
-.Lap_wait:
- la t0, boot_sync_flag
-.Lap_spin:
- lw t1, 0(t0)
- beqz t1, .Lap_spin
- fence r, rw
-
- /* fall through */
-
-/* ========================================================================
- * .Lenable_mmu — all harts: enable MMU, jump to higher-half, run reloc.
- *
- * relocate_enable_mmu does its own SATP write + higher-half jump in
- * C (with inline asm), then calls relocate_kernel. After it returns,
- * we are at higher-half VA with sp / ra / gp slid up, and .rela.dyn
- * is applied (so .init_array pointers are valid).
- * ======================================================================== */
-.Lenable_mmu:
- la a0, early_pg_dir
- call relocate_enable_mmu
- /* On return: PC, sp, ra, gp are all at higher-half VA. */
-
- li t3, 0x10000000
- li t4, 'M'
- sb t4, 0(t3)
- li t4, '\n'
- sb t4, 0(t3)
-
- /* Mark MMU enabled for console / pmap layers that check this. */
- call console_set_mmu_enabled
-
- /* BSP only: walk __init_array and call each C++ ctor. */
- la t0, bsp_hart_id
- lw t0, 0(t0)
- bne tp, t0, .Lskip_cpp_init
- call early_cpp_init
-.Lskip_cpp_init:
-
- /* Hand off to kernel_main(hartid, dtb_pa). */
- mv a0, tp
- mv a1, s0
- call kernel_main
-
- /* kernel_main should not return. */
-.Lhalt:
- csrc sstatus, 2
- wfi
- j .Lhalt
-
-/* ========================================================================
- * early_cpp_init — walk .init_array and call each constructor.
- *
- * Called only by BSP, after relocate_kernel has patched the function
- * pointers stored in __init_array. Before relocate_kernel runs those
- * pointers are zero-filled by the linker.
- * ======================================================================== */
- .globl early_cpp_init
-early_cpp_init:
- addi sp, sp, -32
- sd ra, 0(sp)
- sd s1, 8(sp)
- sd s2, 16(sp)
-
- la s1, __init_array_start
- la s2, __init_array_end
-.Linit_loop:
- bgeu s1, s2, .Linit_done
- ld t0, 0(s1)
- jalr ra, t0
- addi s1, s1, 8
- j .Linit_loop
-.Linit_done:
- ld ra, 0(sp)
- ld s1, 8(sp)
- ld s2, 16(sp)
- addi sp, sp, 32
- ret
-
-/* ========================================================================
- * Election state — in .data so explicit zero survives the BSP BSS clear
- * (these are read before BSS is cleared on the BSP, and concurrently by
- * APs while BSP is in the clear loop).
- * ======================================================================== */
- .section .data
- .align 2
- .globl boot_sync_flag
-boot_sync_flag:
- .word 0
-
- .globl bsp_elected
-bsp_elected:
- .word 0
-
- .globl bsp_hart_id
-bsp_hart_id:
- .word 0
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