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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
# Copyright (C) 2026 Richard Qin
#
# LumeOS Kernel Makefile (Non-Recursive)
#
# Usage:
# make - Build kernel ELF
# make run - Run in QEMU
# make debug - Run in QEMU with GDB server
# make clean - Clean build artifacts
# make fmt - Format all source files
# make disasm - Generate disassembly listing
#
# Reference: docs/specs/00_conventions.md §7
# ============================================================
# Build Configuration
# ============================================================
ARCH ?= riscv
BUILD := build
TARGET := $(BUILD)/kernel.elf
IMAGE := $(BUILD)/kernel.bin
LDS_SRC := arch/$(ARCH)/kernel/lumeos.lds.S
LINKER_SCRIPT := $(BUILD)/lumeos.lds
# ============================================================
# Toolchain Detection
# ============================================================
ifndef TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX
ifeq ($(ARCH),riscv)
TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX := $(shell \
if command -v riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
echo riscv64-linux-gnu-; \
elif command -v riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
echo riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-; \
elif command -v riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
echo riscv64-unknown-elf-; \
else \
echo riscv64-linux-gnu-; \
fi)
else ifeq ($(ARCH),aarch64)
TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX := aarch64-linux-gnu-
else ifeq ($(ARCH),x86_64)
TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX := x86_64-linux-gnu-
endif
endif
CC := $(TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)gcc
CXX := $(TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)g++
LD := $(TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)ld
OBJCOPY := $(TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)objcopy
OBJDUMP := $(TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)objdump
# Common flags (base, before module includes)
WARNINGS := -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter
INCLUDES := -Iinclude -I.
# ============================================================
# Source Collection (Non-Recursive Module Fragments)
# Module .mk files may append to SRCS_CC, SRCS_S, INCLUDES
# ============================================================
SRCS_CC :=
SRCS_C :=
SRCS_S :=
SRCS_s :=
-include arch/$(ARCH)/module.mk
include kernel/module.mk
include mm/module.mk
# include fs/module.mk # Phase 3
include drivers/module.mk
include fdt/module.mk
include lib/module.mk
include test/module.mk
# Compiler flags (defined AFTER includes so INCLUDES is complete)
CFLAGS := $(WARNINGS) -O2 -g -DDEBUG \
-ffreestanding -nostdlib \
-mcmodel=medany \
-MMD -MP \
$(INCLUDES)
# C flags for musl libc sources: add libc-shim headers first
CFLAGS_LIBC := $(CFLAGS) -Iinclude/libc-shim \
-Wno-parentheses -Wno-sign-compare
CXXFLAGS := $(CFLAGS) \
-std=c++17 \
-fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -fno-use-cxa-atexit \
-fno-threadsafe-statics
ASFLAGS := $(CFLAGS)
LDFLAGS := -nostdlib -static
# ============================================================
# Object File Computation
# ============================================================
OBJS := $(patsubst %.cc,$(BUILD)/%.o,$(SRCS_CC)) \
$(patsubst %.c,$(BUILD)/%.o,$(SRCS_C)) \
$(patsubst %.S,$(BUILD)/%.o,$(SRCS_S)) \
$(patsubst %.s,$(BUILD)/%.o,$(SRCS_s))
DEPS := $(OBJS:.o=.d)
# ============================================================
# Build Rules
# ============================================================
.PHONY: all clean run debug fmt disasm
all: $(IMAGE)
# Preprocess linker script template (.lds.S → .lds)
$(LINKER_SCRIPT): $(LDS_SRC) include/lume/lumeos.lds.h
@echo " LDS $@"
@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
@$(CC) -E -P -x c $(INCLUDES) $< -o $@
# Link kernel ELF
$(TARGET): $(OBJS) $(LINKER_SCRIPT)
@echo " LD $@"
@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
@$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -T $(LINKER_SCRIPT) -o $@ $(OBJS)
@$(TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)size $@
# Generate flat binary for QEMU loading
$(IMAGE): $(TARGET)
@echo " OBJCOPY $@"
@$(OBJCOPY) -O binary $< $@
# Compile C++ sources
$(BUILD)/%.o: %.cc
@echo " CXX $<"
@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
@$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
# Compile C sources (musl libc)
$(BUILD)/%.o: %.c
@echo " CC $<"
@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
@$(CC) $(CFLAGS_LIBC) -c $< -o $@
# Assemble (preprocessed .S)
$(BUILD)/%.o: %.S
@echo " AS $<"
@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
@$(CC) $(ASFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
# Assemble (raw .s, no preprocessing)
$(BUILD)/%.o: %.s
@echo " AS $<"
@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
@$(CC) $(ASFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
# Auto-dependency tracking
-include $(DEPS)
# ============================================================
# Run & Debug
# ============================================================
ifeq ($(ARCH),riscv)
QEMU := qemu-system-riscv64
QEMU_MACHINE := -machine virt -m 128M -nographic
QEMU_BIOS := -bios default
else ifeq ($(ARCH),aarch64)
QEMU := qemu-system-aarch64
QEMU_MACHINE := -machine virt -cpu cortex-a53 -m 128M -nographic
QEMU_BIOS :=
else ifeq ($(ARCH),x86_64)
QEMU := qemu-system-x86_64
QEMU_MACHINE := -m 128M -nographic
QEMU_BIOS :=
endif
run: $(IMAGE)
@echo " QEMU Running..."
$(QEMU) $(QEMU_MACHINE) $(QEMU_BIOS) -kernel $(IMAGE)
debug: $(IMAGE)
@echo " QEMU Waiting for GDB on :1234..."
$(QEMU) $(QEMU_MACHINE) $(QEMU_BIOS) -kernel $(IMAGE) -s -S
# ============================================================
# Utilities
# ============================================================
clean:
rm -rf $(BUILD)
disasm: $(TARGET)
@echo " OBJDUMP $<"
@$(OBJDUMP) -d -S $(TARGET) > $(TARGET).asm
@echo " Written to $(TARGET).asm"
fmt:
@echo " FMT Formatting source files..."
@find . -name '*.cc' -o -name '*.h' | xargs clang-format -i 2>/dev/null || true
lint:
@echo " LINT Generating compile_commands.json via bear..."
@bear -- $(MAKE) all
@echo " LINT Running clang-tidy on C++ sources..."
@clang-tidy -p . $(SRCS_CC) || true
# Print build info (for debugging Makefile issues)
info:
@echo "TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX = $(TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)"
@echo "SRCS_CC = $(SRCS_CC)"
@echo "SRCS_S = $(SRCS_S)"
@echo "OBJS = $(OBJS)"
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