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diff --git a/include/atp/core/term_bank.h b/include/atp/core/term_bank.h
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+/*
+ * richard-atp-engine: A saturation-based automated theorem prover for first-order logic.
+ * Copyright (C) 2026 Richard Qin
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+
+#pragma once
+
+/// @file term_bank.h
+/// @brief Hash-consing term pool — guarantees structural sharing.
+
+#include "atp/core/term.h"
+#include "atp/core/types.h"
+
+#include <span>
+
+namespace atp {
+
+/// Global term pool with hash-consing.
+/// Every structurally identical term maps to the same TermId.
+class TermBank {
+  public:
+    TermBank() = default;
+
+    /// Create or retrieve a term. Returns the canonical TermId.
+    TermId makeTerm(SymbolId symbol, std::span<const TermId> args);
+
+    /// Create a variable term.
+    TermId makeVar(SymbolId var_symbol);
+
+    /// Look up a term by its ID.
+    [[nodiscard]] const Term& getTerm(TermId id) const;
+
+    /// Check if a TermId represents a variable.
+    [[nodiscard]] bool isVariable(TermId id) const;
+
+    /// Total number of unique terms stored.
+    [[nodiscard]] size_t size() const;
+
+  private:
+    // TODO: Phase 1 implementation — flat arena + hash index
+};
+
+}  // namespace atp