feat: implement basic HTTP client with socket and address networking utilities

1 files changed, 88 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/ricochet/net/sys/address.hh b/include/ricochet/net/sys/address.hh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39c9553
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/ricochet/net/sys/address.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/**
+ * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * @notice This file was adapted from the Minnow networking framework,
+ * originally developed for Stanford University's CS144 course.
+ * It has been incorporated into the Ricochet project as foundational
+ * system utility code.
+ * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <netdb.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <utility>
+
+//! Wrapper around [IPv4 addresses](@ref man7::ip) and DNS operations.
+class Address
+{
+public:
+  //! \brief Wrapper around [sockaddr_storage](@ref man7::socket).
+  //! \details A `sockaddr_storage` is enough space to store any socket address (IPv4 or IPv6).
+  class Raw
+  {
+  public:
+    sockaddr_storage storage {}; //!< The wrapped struct itself.
+    // NOLINTBEGIN (*-explicit-*)
+    operator sockaddr*();
+    operator const sockaddr*() const;
+    // NOLINTEND (*-explicit-*)
+  };
+
+private:
+  socklen_t size_; //!< Size of the wrapped address.
+  Raw address_ {}; //!< A wrapped [sockaddr_storage](@ref man7::socket) containing the address.
+
+  //! Constructor from ip/host, service/port, and hints to the resolver.
+  Address( const std::string& node, const std::string& service, const addrinfo& hints );
+
+public:
+  //! Construct by resolving a hostname and servicename.
+  Address( const std::string& hostname, const std::string& service );
+
+  //! Construct from dotted-quad string ("18.243.0.1") and numeric port.
+  explicit Address( const std::string& ip, std::uint16_t port = 0 );
+
+  //! Construct from a [sockaddr *](@ref man7::socket).
+  Address( const sockaddr* addr, std::size_t size );
+
+  //! Default constructor
+  Address() : Address( nullptr, 0 ) {}
+
+  //! Equality comparison.
+  bool operator==( const Address& other ) const;
+  bool operator!=( const Address& other ) const { return not operator==( other ); }
+
+  //! \name Conversions
+  //!@{
+
+  //! Dotted-quad IP address string ("18.243.0.1") and numeric port.
+  std::pair<std::string, uint16_t> ip_port() const;
+  //! Dotted-quad IP address string ("18.243.0.1").
+  std::string ip() const { return ip_port().first; }
+  //! Numeric port (host byte order).
+  uint16_t port() const { return ip_port().second; }
+  //! Numeric IP address as an integer (i.e., in [host byte order](\ref man3::byteorder)).
+  uint32_t ipv4_numeric() const;
+  //! Create an Address from a 32-bit raw numeric IP address
+  static Address from_ipv4_numeric( uint32_t ip_address );
+  //! Human-readable string, e.g., "8.8.8.8:53".
+  std::string to_string() const;
+  //!@}
+
+  //! \name Low-level operations
+  //!@{
+
+  //! Size of the underlying address storage.
+  socklen_t size() const { return size_; }
+  //! Const pointer to the underlying socket address storage.
+  const sockaddr* raw() const { return static_cast<const sockaddr*>( address_ ); }
+  //! Safely convert to underlying sockaddr type
+  template<typename sockaddr_type>
+  const sockaddr_type* as() const;
+
+  //!@}
+};