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diff --git a/src/tui/document_text.hh b/src/tui/document_text.hh
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+/*
+ * Ricochet - A minimalist CLI web browser for fast, distraction-free navigation.
+ * Copyright (C) 2026  Richard Qin
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "ricochet/tui/document.hh"
+#include "ricochet/tui/view.hh"
+#include "text.hh"
+
+#include <map>
+#include <span>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace ricochet::tui::detail {
+
+// Shared by layout and extraction: password positions address only this mask.
+std::string control_display_text( const Control& control, const TextService& text );
+
+// Logical reading-order text, independent of wrapping, clipping and decorations.
+// Owned together with one immutable document and its revision-zero control values.
+class DocumentText
+{
+public:
+  DocumentText( const Document& document, const TextService& text );
+  ByteRange offsets( const DocumentRange& range ) const;
+  SelectionSnapshot select( const DocumentRange& anchor, const DocumentRange& active ) const;
+  std::string extract( const DocumentRange& range ) const;
+
+private:
+  struct ControlSpan
+  {
+    ByteRange object {};
+    ByteRange display {};
+  };
+  std::size_t offset( const DocumentPoint& point ) const;
+  void append_blocks( std::span<const Block> blocks, std::size_t depth );
+  void append_block( const Block& block, std::size_t depth );
+  void append_inline( std::span<const Inline> content );
+  void append_text( const Text& text );
+  void append_control( ControlId id );
+
+  std::string text_ {};
+  std::map<BlockId, ByteRange> blocks_ {};
+  std::map<ControlId, ControlSpan> controls_ {};
+  std::map<ControlId, const Control*> definitions_ {};
+  // Prefix ends coincide with item starts; selecting that start includes its marker.
+  std::vector<ByteRange> prefixes_ {};
+  const TextService& service_;
+};
+
+} // namespace ricochet::tui::detail